Use for body image. Eating disorders. Fear of gaining weight/getting fat, fear of food, fear of eating. Nons can use this for when their partner gets up, ignores them(devaluation period). Exposure yourself more and more to these situations and when it happens it will not affect you as much..*will put more for the explanation later**
- :The Body Image Benefits Of Pleasure — Trust me, you do not want to miss out on this. Learn how indulging in pleasure can improve the way you feel about your body.
About/Info:Immersion Therapy, Systematic DESENSITIZATION, exposure & response,
Immersion Therapy
- Exposure Therapy for Phobias: Immersion Therapy and Systematic Desensitization @ Health Guide Info - "...someone who had a fear of snakes would be put in a room with nonpoisonous snakes until they realized they were not in any actual danger."
- Immersion therapy [comic]@ The Awkward Yeti
- @Wikipedia - "Although it may take several sessions to achieve a resolution, the technique is regarded as successful. Many research studies are being conducted in regard to achieving immersion therapy goals in a virtual computer based program, although results are not conclusive.
Systematic Desensitzation
- "Systematic desensitization is used to help the client cope with phobias and other fears, and to induce relaxation. In progressive relaxation, one first tightens and then relaxes various muscle groups in the body. During the alternating clenching and relaxing, the client should be focusing on the contrast between the initial tension and the subsequent feelings of relaxation and softening that develop once the tightened muscles are released. After discovering how muscles feel when they are deeply relaxed, repeated practice enables a person to recreate the relaxed sensation intentionally in a variety of situations." - Mind Disorders
- Systematic Desensitization @ Guide to Psychology - "There are three steps in the self-administered systematic desensitization procedure:1.Relaxation;2.Constructing an anxiety hierarchy;3.Pairing relaxation with the situations described in your anxiety hierarchy."
- Systematic Desensitization: Definition, Treatment & Examples @ study
- @ Psychologist anywhere Anytime - "Prior to exposure, the therapist teaches the patient cognitive strategies to cope with anxiety...Relaxation training, such as meditation, is one type of coping strategy. Patients might be taught to focus on their breathing or to think about happy situations. Another means of relaxation is cognitive reappraisal of imagined outcomes....The second component of systematic desensitization is gradual exposure to the feared object. Continuing with the snake example, the therapist would begin by asking their patient to develop a fear hierarchy, listing the relative unpleasantness of various types of exposure. ..."
- SELF-DESENSITIZATION INSTRUCTIONS Plus Role-playing - "Instructions are based upon the desensitization procedure developed by Joseph Wolpe. (see his book, AThe Practice of Behavior Therapy@). In about 90% of the cases, persons completing desensitization are able to reduce fears or anxieties to normal levels of the fears/anxieties one associated with specific situations They were designed so that one person can administer desensitization to himself. It would also be possible to administer them to someone else. DS has been demonstrated by many experiments to be an effective way of reducing fears."
- @SideShare
- Systematic Desensitization by Saul McLeod @ simply Psychology - "SD is a treatment method that increases the feeling of self-control; that is, the therapist suggests, guides or helps, but does not represent the nucleus of the treatment. The risk of dependence upon the therapist or of perceiving improvements as being external to the patient are thus minimised in this technique."
- @About - "Systematic desensitization begins with imaginary exposure to feared situations. Use your anxiety hierarchy to break down the feared situation into manageable components. For example, let’s say you fear going into large stores. You may have the least anxiety walking into the store. As you get further from the exit doors, your anxiety intensifies. Standing in the checkout line represents your highest fear response. You would start the process by focusing on the action that causes the least amount of distress and work your way up. The result is that you will gradually, or systematically, become desensitized to shopping in large stores."
the three steps of systematic desensitization:
- "Establish anxiety stimulus hierarchy. A therapist may begin by asking the patient to identify a fear hierarchy. This fear hierarchy would list the relative unpleasantness of various levels of exposure to a snake. For example, seeing a picture of a snake might elicit a low fear rating, compared to live snakes crawling on the individual—the latter scenario becoming highest on the fear hierarchy.
- Learn coping mechanisms or incompatible responses. The therapist would work with the client to learn appropriate coping and relaxation techniques such as meditation and deep muscle relaxation responses.
- Connect the stimulus to the incompatible response or coping method. The client would be presented with increasingly unpleasant levels of the feared stimuli, from lowest to highest—while utilizing the deep relaxation techniques (i.e. progressive muscle relaxation) previously learned. The imagined stimuli to help with a phobia of snakes may include: a picture of a snake; a small snake in a nearby room; a snake in full view; touching of the snake, etc. At each step in the imagined progression, the patient is desensitized to the phobia through exposure to the stimulus while in a state of relaxation. As the fear hierarchy is unlearned, anxiety gradually becomes extinguished." - Wikpedia
Exposure & Response prevention
- "Exposure and response prevention (ERP) is a treatment method available from behavioral psychologists and cognitive-behavioral therapists for a variety of anxiety disorders, especially obsessive–compulsive disorder and phobias. It is an example of an exposure therapy and was first developed by UK psychologist Victor Meyer.The method is predicated on the idea that a therapeutic effect is achieved as subjects confront their fears and discontinue their escape response.The behavioral process is called Pavlovian extinction or respondent extinction.An example of how this process works: Imagine a person who repeatedly checks light switches to ensure they're in the off position, even when entering a clearly unlit room. The person would be exposed to their feared stimulus (leaving lights switched on), and would refuse to respond with any safety behaviors. It differs from exposure therapy for phobia in that the resolution to refrain from the escape response is to be maintained at all times and not just during specific practice sessions. Thus, not only does the subject experience habituation to the feared stimulus, they also practice a fear-incompatible behavioral response to the stimulus. While this type of therapy typically causes some short-term anxiety, this facilitates long-term reduction in obsessive and compulsive symptoms." - Wikipedia
- Dr. Jeffrey Schwartz's Four Steps - "The basic principle is that by understanding what these thoughts and urges really are, you can learn to manage the fear and anxiety that OCD causes. Managing your fear, in turn, will allow you to control your behavioral responses much more effectively. You will use biological knowledge and cognitive awareness to help you perform exposure and response prevention on your own. This strategy has four basic steps: Step 1: Relabel Step 2: Reattribute Step 3: Refocus Step 4: Revalue The goal is to perform these steps daily. (The first three steps are especially important at the beginning of treatment.) Self-treatment is an essential part of this technique for learning to manage your responses to OCD on a day-to-day basis
- What is Exposure and Response Prevention? - "The Exposure in ERP refers to exposing yourself to the thoughts, images, objects and situations that make you anxious and/or start your obsessions. While the Response Prevention part of ERP, refers to making a choice not to do a compulsive behavior once the anxiety or obsessions have been “triggered.” All of this is done under the guidance of a therapist at the beginning — though you will eventually learn to do your own ERP exercises to help manage your symptoms."
- Exposure and response prevention reduced obsessive compulsive disorder symptoms - "Conclusions
A reduction in obsessional symptoms in obsessive compulsive disorder occurred after a 3 week programme of exposure and response prevention techniques. No improvement was seen after a programme of general anxiety management." - Exposure and Response Prevention: Contemporary CBT’s Most Powerful Intervention by Milton Spett - Graduated Exposure.Response Prevention.Graduated Response Prevention.Self-monitoring.There are two theoretical explanations for why ERP works:1. Habituation. 2. Cognitive change.
- 7. OCD Treatment: Introduction to Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP) - "CBT Therapist, Katie d'Ath, explains how to use Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP) to help yourself overcome OCD."
- Katie d'Ath's Youtube channel
- ERP Therapy Demonstration Video uploaded by Chris107197
- Topic: The Basics of Exposure and Response Prevention uploaded by Denise Egan Stack - "Presenter: Kristen Mulcahy, PhD"
- Exposure and Response Prevention @ AMITA - "To deal with her fear of sweating, we will have her wear several layers of clothing and sit in the sun or in her car with the heat on for 10 minutes to work up a good sweat. Once she has done this, here comes the real test of ERP – she will sit with the uncomfortable anxiety and let it pass on its own without doing any type of avoidance techniques. Instead of doing any breathing techniques or muscle relaxation, which only distracts a patient from their exposure, they are to sit with their fear and just let it pass on its own"
- ERP Therapy: A Good Choice for Treating OCD By Janet Singer - "Exposure Response Prevention Therapy (ERP therapy) is a type of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and, in my son’s case, a very effective treatment for OCD. In a nutshell, this therapy involves the person with OCD facing his or her fears and then refraining from ritualizing. This is extremely anxiety-provoking initially, but eventually the anxiety starts to wane and can sometimes even disappear. A concrete example of ERP therapy in action would involve someone with OCD who has issues with germs. They might be asked to touch a toilet seat and then refrain from washing their hands. Treating OCD with ERP therapy has even been the topic of some reality shows over the past few years. So why do so many therapists remain in the dark?"
- Exposure Therapy for OCD and Anxiety By OCD Center of Los Angeles - "When beginning therapy with these clients, we explain that the basic principle of exposure therapy is that one will become less afraid of just about anything if they are exposed to it frequently and regularly. So if a young boy has a phobia of dogs, the exposure would be to purposely, repeatedly spend time with dogs until such time that the fear is reduced to a minimal level."
- Full Exposure: The Sickening Treatment for OCD - "By confronting my worst fears, I not only learned to manage my OCD—I developed an entirely different method for confronting fear and perceived danger. Instead of finding ways to avoid anxiety, I’ve learned to realistically assess the risks of my actions, and to strive for the things I want to achieve even when I’m scared of the consequences. When I am afraid of something, I take that as a signal not to run but to deliberately approach it, because I’ve learned my obsessions and anxieties almost always point me in the wrong direction. "
- Exposure and Response Prevention Therapy (ERP) @ Dual Diagnosis - "A 1995 article published in the journal of Behavior Research and Therapy (“Exposure with Response Prevention Treatment of Anorexia Nervosa-Bulimic Subtype and Bulimia Nervosa”) and reviewed by Vanderbilt University shows how ERP can be used to treat eating disorders. In cases like this, response prevention comes in two forms: vomiting, where after the patient is presented with all the food they can eat, and they are prevented from purging; and binging, where the patient is exposed to foods that they would dearly love to binge on, but prevented from actually doing so.In both cases, the patient is monitored until their respective desires (to binge or purge) pass. The goal is to learn to not partake in the self-destructive behavior of the anxiety disorder at hand, whether it is an eating disorder (bulimia nervosa, in this instance) or the larger scope of OCD, phobias, and other anxiety disorders."
- OCD Exposure Response Prevention [Exercise] uploaded by Sean Mccoy
Expoure Hierarchy
about/info
- "In exposure therapy, an exposure hierarchy is developed to help clients confront their feared objects and situations in a manner that is systematic and controlled for the purpose of systematic desensitization. Exposure hierarchies are included in the treatment of a wide range of anxiety disorders.An exposure hierarchy itself is a list of objects and situations that an individual fears or avoids that are graded or rank-ordered in their ability to elicit anxiety. The least anxiety-provoking situations are ordered at the bottom of the hierarchy while the most anxiety-provoking situations are at the top. Exposure hierarchies typically consist of 10-15 items and will guide the client’s exposure practices.- Wikipedia
Talking about it
Picture of it
Touching it
flooding (psychology)
- @ Psychology Dictionary - "a behavior therapy technique where the person is exposed directly to a maximum intensity anxiety-producing situation or stimulus, either in the imagination or in reality."
- Flooding @ Psychologist World - "Flooding in its purest form involves forced, prolonged exposure to the actual stimulus that provoked the original trauma. "
- Flooding psychology uploaded by Emma Crespo
- Chapter Four @ UWF
- Flooding @ Psychology Wizard - “In the 1960s, Thomas Stampfl developed"implosion therapy" but flooding is the more common name today. Stampfl bombarded his phobia patients with detailed descriptions of the situations that they feared for 6-9 hours. Afterwards, they lost their fear of those situations. Getting patients to imagine the fearful situation is known as in vitro therapy.” *Spider picture on page*
- Flooding @ tutor2u - "Rather than exposing a person to their phobic stimulus gradually, a person is exposed to the most frightening situation immediately." “With flooding, a person is unable to avoid (negatively reinforce) their phobia and through continuous exposure, anxiety levels decrease.Flooding can take one of two forms: in vivo (actual exposure), or in vitro (imaginary exposure). A patient is taught relaxation techniques (see above) and these techniques are then applied to the most feared situation either through direct exposure, or imagined exposure.”
- Flooding (psychology) @ Hypnotic-World.com - "Phobias by definition are irrational fears, and these phobias can get in the way of everyday life. For example, a person with a phobia of cars would have a hard time crossing the street or even walking around town. For some reason this person has developed the belief that all cars are dangerous and need to be avoided. Often, a person who has developed a phobia of a particular thing or situation will go to extreme lengths to avoid that situation. As long as they avoid exposure to the thing that they fear, they have no way of knowing that it can't hurt them.” "Psychiatrist Joseph Wolpe (1973) carried out an experiment which demonstrated flooding. He took a girl who was scared of cars, and drove her around for hours. Initially the girl was hysterical but she eventually calmed down when she realized that her situation was safe. From then on she associated a sense of ease with cars."
- Flooding definition @| alleydog.com - "The idea behind it is that, by exposing you to your fear, you will eventually see it as less fear-producing. "
- @ Wikipedia - “"Flooding" is an effective form of treatment for phobias amongst other psychopathologies. It works on the principles of classical conditioning or respondent conditioning—a form of Pavlov's classical conditioning—where patients change their behaviors to avoid negative stimuli. According to Pavlov, people learn through associations, so if one has a phobia, it is because one associates the feared stimulus with a negative outcome.”
Flooding @ Encyclopedia of Psychology - “Example: An arachnophobic patient is locked in a room full of spiders after discussing the treatment with her therapist and consenting to it. She is initially terrified, but eventually relaxes when she realizes that nothing bad is going to happen to her.” - Flooding Psychology - Why Your Partner Doesn't Communicate Effectively by Dr Alice Boyes. - "– When someone is psychologically flooded their instinct is usually to do anything necessary to escape. Escape can mean physical escape but more commonly it means escaping emotions the person can’t deal with – their own emotions or whatever emotions their partner is expressing."
- Dealing with Avoidance-Motivated Behavior: Flooding and Rational Override @ Center Site - “There are two ways to talk yourself into engaging the exposure process: 1) you can talk to yourself about the benefits of doing the avoided thing, and 2) you can talk to yourself about the problems that will occur if you do not stop avoiding the avoided thing. These two strategies correspond to the proverbial carrot and stick (used by a cart driver to motivate the donkey pulling that cart), respectively. If you are avoiding going to the dentist, you can talk to yourself about the benefits of regular dental care (such as keeping as many of your own teeth in your mouth as possible throughout adulthood), and you can also remind yourself about the problems that occur when you do not see the dentist (such as letting a simple cavity turn into a root canal for lack of treatment).”
method of factors
Present the stimulus affecting the person
counterphobic attitude